Essay on Cause and Effect of Kristallnacht - 532 Words

Cause and Effect of Kristallnacht The Holocaust was a great tragedy, but it didnt happen overnight. It was a long process of demeaning Jews as subhuman. This started as early as 1933 when Hitler first came to power. However, Kristallnacht, or The Night of the Broken Glass, was like the dam bursting. It was when the government of Germany encouraged its people to loot and burn Jewish shops, synagogues, and schools. In addition, many Jews were pulled out of their houses in the middle of the night and sent to concentration camps. In some towns so many of the men were sent to the camps that the women and children were forced to clean up the broken glass that littered the streets. Kristallnacht was a very significant point in the Holocaust,†¦show more content†¦Aryan were told not to shop in Jewish shops and Jews could not shop in Aryan-owned shops. In 1935 The Nuremberg Race Laws were passed. These stated that Jews could not go to public swimming pools, theaters, schools, etc. In addition Jews were forced to sew a Star-Of-David on their clothes to identify them as Jews. At this point in time, Jews could do very little. Some were arrested just for taking a walk outside. So at this point in time Jews were very restricted. One Jewish teenager, Herschel Grinszpan, was living in Paris. His father was relocated by the Nazis to Poland. He decided that he was going to assassinate the German ambassador. He went to the embassy, but he was not able to locate his target. So he tried to assassinate Third Secretary Ernst vom Rath instead. Ironically, Rath was an anti-Nazi. Even though Rath was only a minor official, Hitler used propaganda to convince people that the act was an international conspiracy by Jews everywhere. Hitler made it seem as though Jews were attacking Germany itself. This is what led to Kristallnacht. The act of one Jew gave Hitler exactly the excuse he needed to hurt the Jews en masse and in public. It gave him the excuse for the government to condone mass destruction of Jewish prope rty and businesses. Even though Jews were losing their liberty they still endured it as best they could. However Kristallnacht convinced them once and for all that they were in serious trouble. Kristallnacht was organizedShow MoreRelatedAmerica ´s Options with World War II1302 Words   |  5 Pagesbefore 1935 tensions between Germany and the Jewish population were prevalent, harkening back to the Weimar Republic and the blame being placed on the Jewish population for the surrender of Germany. In 1935 the Nuremberg Race laws were placed into effect. These laws stated that the Jewish Population was no longer accepted as citizens of the Reich, as well as they could not marry German citizens. The laws also provided a description of what would make a person a Jew. This descirption is having fourRead MoreThe Nazi s Plan For The Final Solution Was Fuelled By Anti Semitism Essay4425 Words   |  18 PagesKristallnacht was an incident where Nazi’s in Germany torched and destroyed Jewish synagogues, homes, businesses, shops and schools. The two secondary sources that I will be analysing are ‘What Was Kristallnacht?’ from Holocaust-History and ‘Kristallnacht’ from Britannica. The two Primary sources I will be analysing are photographs I found on History Place and propaganda pieces from Holocaust Research Project. The three historical ideas of the Nazi’s plan for the final solution was fuelled by anti-SemitismRead MoreHolocaust the Japanese-American Internment1195 Words   |  5 PagesGermanic people, or Aryans, were better then others and targeted the Jews as the cause of all previous failures Germany had made. In 1935 the Nazis passed the Nuremberg laws that deprived Jews their rights to German citizenship and forbade marriages between Jews and non-Jews. More laws came to the Jews as well later, even limiting what kinds of works that Jews could do. However, the situation began to worsen with the Kristallnacht, otherwise kno wn as â€Å"Night of Broken Glass.† When 17-year-old Herschel GrynszpanRead MoreThe During The Nazi War Essay2221 Words   |  9 Pagesgreatly impacted Jewish life for the years to come. Kristallnacht, also known as â€Å"the Night of Broken Glass†, primarily stood for the Nazi party destructing Jewish lifestyles. The Nazi Regime burned down the Synagogues, destructed schools and businesses. Also Kristallnacht implemented the Nuremberg laws and the beginning of concentration camps. Kristallnacht was a significant event that led to a domino effect on Jewish path in history. Kristallnacht was the stepping-stone in which Adolf Hitler and hisRead MorePeople Were Persecuted During The Events Of World War II1466 Words   |  6 Pagesconcentration camps from sicknesses and abusive treatment. Almost six million Jews and over 220,000 gypsies were murdered in gas chambers and furnaces, as well as from extreme fatigue, malnourishment, and illnesses. Nazis believed that Jews were the cause of all of Germany’s problems and, therefore, should be eradicated. Gypsies were seen as outcasts, with no place to fit in. Hitler ordered them to be exiled for having their own vernaculars and traditions. Homosexuals, primarily men, were also persecutedRead MoreThe Cause And Effect Of The Holocaust1811 Words   |  8 PagesAngela Chou Mr. Folsom World History II Per.2 22 April 2015 The Cause and Effect of the Holocaust Throughout the endless history, there were lots of important and influential event. For example the Dark Age, Enlightenment, Civil War, World War I and II and the Cold War. Over all of these event, there was one event that deeply influence the world and the Jews today, it was the Holocaust. Holocaust, a term that people use to describe the horrible event that happened during World War II which killRead MoreDiction In The Perils Of Indifference By Elie Wiesel889 Words   |  4 Pagesability to respond to such a horrible act. It is obvious that Wiesel establishes tones of morality, condescendingness, and caution through diction, imagery, as well as syntax used in the speech. Although Wiesel describes how indifference has a massive effect on the victims even though by the very nature, bystanders do nothing. Indifference itself shows lack of regard for those in need and that can be perceived as morally lacking, which Wiesel condemns in the highest degree. Author, Elie Wiesel does aRead MoreThe end of the 19th century was the beginning of a revolution in reading in Germany. If in 1840700 Words   |  3 Pagesof literacy made it easier for the spread of propaganda and of archetypal narratives of a Jew. This projected fantasy of slaughter that was spread through literacy would plant the seeds of an event that would cause a domino effect to follow: Kristallnact. The shattered glass of Kristallnacht would lead to the death camps. Read MoreThe Reason Why Germany Lost World War I854 Words   |  4 Pagesslogans began to appear throughout Germany, that stated â€Å"Jews are not wanted here† and in 1935 the Nuremburg Laws came into effect and it stated that Jews were no longer German citizens. Jews where not allow to marry other Germans under any circumstances. In 1938, Germany banned Jews from becoming doctors, Jewish children were not allowed to go to school, and Kristallnacht (attacks on homes and places of worship) began. They began mass shootings of the Jews and in 1942 the final solution took placeRead MoreThe Holocaust And Its Importance1382 Words   |  6 Pagescaused a lasting effect on the Jewish religion by destroying everything they owned, torturing them through concentration camps, and the aftermath of the war. First, when Hitler gained power one of his main goals was to get the Jewish people segregated from the rest of Germany. This was the beginning of what was to come in Hitler’s relentless reign in Germany. His motivation to eliminate the Jews was very clear when he started banning and burning Jewish books in 1933. (The Holocaust-causes). However, he

William Shakespeare s Lord Of The Flies - 1379 Words

Henry enters the court with his different rulers. Suffolk has come back from France with Margaret, whom he shows to the lord as his new wife. He additionally brings a peace giveaway from France, which Gloucester peruses. He flounders when he goes to an entry about the French keeping the regions of Anjou and Maine consequently for Margaret. Gloucester is disturbed with this loss of area, once hard-won by Henry V and by alternate rulers in late French wars. He estimates the up and coming loss of France and takes off. Beaufort talks against Gloucester, recommending to Buckingham and Somerset that they plot to remove him. Salisbury and Warwick chat with York about attempting to choke the impact of Suffolk and Beaufort, two eager and prideful nobles. York, took off alone, talks about his confidence in his case to the throne and his disappointment that Henry energetically permits handles that are legitimately his own to be come back to the French. Yet he can t make his cases yet; he wants to favour Warwick and Salisbury. Gloucester identifies with his wife, the Duchess. He had a fantasy that his staff of office was broken, yet she envisioned that she was going to be delegated ruler. He encourages her not to discuss her unbalanced desire, since she is now the second lady in the kingdom, behind Margaret. Hume enters, and the Duchess and Hume examine her passion to contract a witch and seer to call upon spirits to get some information about the fate of Henry s rule. Solicitors goShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s The Lord Of The Flies913 Words   |  4 PagesThe shapeshifter goes back and forth between ally and enemy. More often is someone in the hero’s life that was thought to be a friend but turns around and stabs the hero in the back. But it can go the other way as well. Someone that the hero thought was an enemy could end up being a great ally. The shapeshifter can be identified this way by the actions of the character or how the hero views the character. The guardian in the story is the character that tries to get the hero to abandon the quest.Read MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Lord Of The Flies 1605 Words   |  7 PagesLord Brumenwald looked about the area. He’d just completed his inspection of the site. Despite the less than ideal circumstances, he knew the royal dignity remained intact. He could see the supportive (or at least tolerant) expressions in the mourners’ faces. He also noted that none of the visiting dignitaries seemed to be plotting against the Prince or Princess. In fact, unlike the imprisoned coup participants, the other royals included them. They did so enthusiastically. Perhaps there is a silverRead MoreThe Hero Of William Shakespeare s The Lord Of The Flies 1503 Words   |  7 Pagestalking about him. When he s caught, Will confesses what he has done and that convinces Halt that Will is the right candidate to become an apprentice Ranger. As he begins training, he begins learning the secret skills of the Rangers, he then realizes that speed, agility and intelligence are as important as physical size. Halt: Is a master of concealment in his green-and-grey hooded cloak. He is the Ranger of Redmont Fief, also among the Ranger Commandant Crowley s inner circle, and he was playedRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Julius Caesar And William Goldings Lord Of The Flies1346 Words   |  6 PagesIn William Shakespeares The Tragedy of Julius Caesar,William Golding’s Lord of the Flies , and C. S. Lewis’s Out of the Silent Planet all depict how mankind is born innocent and turned to evil. The stories show that this conversion to evil is caused by the influence of society or characters acting in the place of a society. The corruptibility of mankind is illuminated in these texts. The treachery, dishonesty, and murder as shown in the stories are not acts of innocence. In their books, the authorsRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Romeo And Juliet1636 Words   |  7 PagesDay to day, we interact with our family. These interactions can have a great influence on our emotional and psychological re sponses, and can destroy an individual’s self-worth, build it up, or do both. In Romeo and Juliet, a play written by William Shakespeare, two lovers from enemy families embark on a journey toward their death marked tragedy. Juliet, the wife, happens to kick-start the disastrous outcome of the relationship by drinking a sleeping potion as part of a plan to escape her family’sRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth 1129 Words   |  5 PagesMoises Duran AP English Mrs. Windsor 02/10/16 Macbeth William Shakespeare wrote one of best tragedies in english literature, which was titled Macbeth. The tragedy, as it is considered by critics of yesterday s literary world, frown upon the evil dimension of conflict, offering a dark and atmosphere of a world dominated by the powers of darkness. Macbeth, more so than any of Shakespeare s other tragic protagonists, has to face the powers and decide: should he give in or should heRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare1691 Words   |  7 Pagesthemselves. Thus causing many problems with being able to guarantee anything in day to day life. Is it certain that one will arrive to a destination unharmed? Can anyone’s safety be guaranteed? This same problem can be seen in the play Hamlet, by William Shakespeare. Hamlet’s whole life is based on uncertain ideas and in the end it collapses on him, as if he built a house on shifting sands. If there was no uncertainty in Hamlet, There would be no story line. As soon as H amlet was told to kill Claudius,Read More Othello’s Diversity of Imagery Essay2781 Words   |  12 Pages More than half the animal images in the play are Iago’s, and all these are contemptuous or repellent: a plague of flies, a quarrelsome dog, the recurrent image of bird-snaring, leading asses by the nose, a spider catching a fly, beating an offenceless dog, wild cats, wolves, goats and monkeys. To these Othello adds his pictures of foul toads breeding in a cistern, summer flies in the shambles, the ill-boding raven over the infected house, a toad in a dungeon, the monster ‘too hideous to be shownRead MoreThe Lady Of Shalott, By William Shakespeare1709 Words   |  7 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s play Hamlet, has become a staple in contemporary society. Apart from the multitude of ingenious in this play, the character of Ophelia particularly places great importance on modern day woman. Ophelia’s importance throughout the play has been many times viewed as only her relation to Hamlet and the effect she has on him. Ophelia is important not just in this sense, but in respect of what she tells the reader about the society she lived in, in contrast to the society one livesRead MoreEssay about The Theme of Justice in King Lear1682 Words   |  7 PagesThe Theme of Justice in King Lear      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Many themes are evident in King Lear, but perhaps one of the most prevalent relates to the theme of justice.   Shakespeare has developed a tragedy that allows us to see mans decent into chaos.   Although Lear is perceived as a man more sinned against than sinning (p.62), the treatment of the main characters encourages the reader to reflect on the presence or lack of justice in this world.   The characters also vary in their inclination

Proctor Gamble Free Essays

1. In our opinion, we think the answer about product life cycle is not absolutely correct. It is depend on product’s characteristic. We will write a custom essay sample on Proctor Gamble or any similar topic only for you Order Now 3C product such as eeepc (asus’s product, netbook) have quite short product life cycle; Rolex watch have been established more than 200 years. So if marketers want to extend product life cycle, they have to do more afford on survey to realize consumer behavior and satisfy their really needs and wants. When the product’s sales shows that it is on the decline stage, marketers should find the new desire on consumers and reposition, modify their product or marketing strategy, It is gain brand loyalty and equity to extend brands or products life cycle. Consequently, the â€Å"brand† makes its product life cycle prolong and maintain the product in the market. 2. Before we start to reposition, we must know the environment situation, such as industry, competitive, and consumer analysis. We use five forces analysis to analyze industry, and conclude that the competition is fierce. After that, we analyze competitive situation, through perceptual map we find that Kimberly-Clark is PG biggest competitor. The price of Huggies is between Pampers and Luvs, and with the same function of Luvs. Consumers were willing to pay more than Pampers to buy Huggies. Form consumer analysis, we find that consumers are sensitive to quality. Because there were many double-income families, consumers are afford to pay high price for diapers. To regain the status of market share, PG repositioned Pampers as high price brand, and changed some marketing strategies. Pampers has repositioned its products from â€Å"providing the most comfortable diapers† to â€Å"assisting mothers in bringing up children†. Therefore, it has come up with some concepts and ways to meet the purpose of the repositioning, such as the concept of Baby Stage of Development, the use of step-by-step toys, the consultation of experts, and establishment of Pampers parenting network. The concept of Baby Stage of Development is based on the babies various needs at various stages. As a result, PG provides suitable diapers products for babies, including new babies, babies, toddlers and preschoolers. With the concepts of BSOD, Pampers has further introduced the step-by-step toy system. In the course of playing, the toys function as children friends. Besides changing the products, Pampers also establishes Pampers Parenting Network. On the websites, some experts have written professional articles on how to breed babies, how to help babies grow healthy, and so on. And all these articles are posted on the website as references for parents. Besides, the experts also provide professional responses to the problems parents have in the process of bringing up children. (2) We think that PG can use the same way to reposition Crest’s brand image to differ from its competitors, and let it have room for progress. For instance, PG can reposition Crest as a product for healthy and beautiful smile, not just for the purpose of cleaning. In this way, consumers can have better looks and fulfill their mental needs by using the repositioned products. 3. To realize consumers’ needs, PG has a consumer relationship management system. In the system, there are three key points of customer relationship management. One is to understand consumers’ need deeply, second is to build consumer service center, third is to value consumers’ suggestions. To understand consumer’s need deeply, PG through depth interviews, focus group, questionnaire survey, visit shop, trace system, e-mail, and telephone to attain this goal. Finally, value consumer’s suggestion is according to consumer’s feedback to improve product continuously. For example, there are colorful designs on the Pampers, because the babies’ clothes are light colors in summer, the picture color can be seen easily. Thus, PG adopt the mothers’ advice to redesign the color. The above is how PG to manage their customer relationship. Through the customer relationship management system, we can realize what consumers’ needs are. How to cite Proctor Gamble, Papers

Proctor Gamble Free Essays

1. In our opinion, we think the answer about product life cycle is not absolutely correct. It is depend on product’s characteristic. We will write a custom essay sample on Proctor Gamble or any similar topic only for you Order Now 3C product such as eeepc (asus’s product, netbook) have quite short product life cycle; Rolex watch have been established more than 200 years. So if marketers want to extend product life cycle, they have to do more afford on survey to realize consumer behavior and satisfy their really needs and wants. When the product’s sales shows that it is on the decline stage, marketers should find the new desire on consumers and reposition, modify their product or marketing strategy, It is gain brand loyalty and equity to extend brands or products life cycle. Consequently, the â€Å"brand† makes its product life cycle prolong and maintain the product in the market. 2. Before we start to reposition, we must know the environment situation, such as industry, competitive, and consumer analysis. We use five forces analysis to analyze industry, and conclude that the competition is fierce. After that, we analyze competitive situation, through perceptual map we find that Kimberly-Clark is PG biggest competitor. The price of Huggies is between Pampers and Luvs, and with the same function of Luvs. Consumers were willing to pay more than Pampers to buy Huggies. Form consumer analysis, we find that consumers are sensitive to quality. Because there were many double-income families, consumers are afford to pay high price for diapers. To regain the status of market share, PG repositioned Pampers as high price brand, and changed some marketing strategies. Pampers has repositioned its products from â€Å"providing the most comfortable diapers† to â€Å"assisting mothers in bringing up children†. Therefore, it has come up with some concepts and ways to meet the purpose of the repositioning, such as the concept of Baby Stage of Development, the use of step-by-step toys, the consultation of experts, and establishment of Pampers parenting network. The concept of Baby Stage of Development is based on the babies various needs at various stages. As a result, PG provides suitable diapers products for babies, including new babies, babies, toddlers and preschoolers. With the concepts of BSOD, Pampers has further introduced the step-by-step toy system. In the course of playing, the toys function as children friends. Besides changing the products, Pampers also establishes Pampers Parenting Network. On the websites, some experts have written professional articles on how to breed babies, how to help babies grow healthy, and so on. And all these articles are posted on the website as references for parents. Besides, the experts also provide professional responses to the problems parents have in the process of bringing up children. (2) We think that PG can use the same way to reposition Crest’s brand image to differ from its competitors, and let it have room for progress. For instance, PG can reposition Crest as a product for healthy and beautiful smile, not just for the purpose of cleaning. In this way, consumers can have better looks and fulfill their mental needs by using the repositioned products. 3. To realize consumers’ needs, PG has a consumer relationship management system. In the system, there are three key points of customer relationship management. One is to understand consumers’ need deeply, second is to build consumer service center, third is to value consumers’ suggestions. To understand consumer’s need deeply, PG through depth interviews, focus group, questionnaire survey, visit shop, trace system, e-mail, and telephone to attain this goal. Finally, value consumer’s suggestion is according to consumer’s feedback to improve product continuously. For example, there are colorful designs on the Pampers, because the babies’ clothes are light colors in summer, the picture color can be seen easily. Thus, PG adopt the mothers’ advice to redesign the color. The above is how PG to manage their customer relationship. Through the customer relationship management system, we can realize what consumers’ needs are. How to cite Proctor Gamble, Papers

My First Day at A University of Khon Kaen Essay Example

My First Day at A University of Khon Kaen Essay My First Day at A University of Khan Keen Have you ever been so excited that your heart cant stop beaten? Thats show I was on my my first day at the Khan Keen University. I was very excited, but also was frightened. I was about to meet people who were going to be with me for four years. I kept asking myself; would they be nice? That morning woke up very early but arrived at the faculty late because I dont know the schedule of the transport in the university; my body was petrified. I could not even breath, I thought l was bad the first impression but the cheer whom I studied the first class didnt come too. How lucky I am! It was me and a new world. A new group Of people with different points Of view, different lifestyles. Somehow the air was different because the smell was different from the common. The distance was another important point. All these points made me realize one thing. Im in a new world. Firstly, I had never been in the North East of Thailand. Dont know what about this part before, until come to here, Khan Keen University, the biggest university in the north east of Thailand. The environment was completely different from the one that used to live. We will write a custom essay sample on My First Day at A University of Khon Kaen specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on My First Day at A University of Khon Kaen specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on My First Day at A University of Khon Kaen specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I come from Bangkok, but on the weekend I mostly stay in Phrase province, a small town in the north of Thailand. This is the first difference for me. The lifestyle of the north and the north east is seemed to close but not. Another important aspect is the lifestyle that they have here. They eat everything especially meat, but I dont eat meat. All these aspect show me that its a different place. I dont know how, but the environment was completely different from the one that I used to stay. Somehow the air was different because it smells different from the one. Here we find a lot of trees and flowers that give a more rural aspect to the university, and the days here look longer than the common no matter how the weather is. The environment looks completely from other places. Secondly, came to a new university alone, no old friends like others. Was left in between those new people who hardly knew themselves and were looking forward in meeting a new friend. Like them, I was also seeking to meet someone who could help me in my troubles and to whom I can call as my friend. Then knew once I started talking to a friend, other people would also come to talk with me as they are also in search of a friend with whom they can talk and tell them about there a previous school and those moments that they have shared with their old friends and who were also seeking for a new friends. Then enough they will be caught in a vicious circle called friendship from which to come out is impossible. Something happened to me when I joined my new university. Other students around me were so new looking that newness in the circle brought me a creepy sanction of me being lone in the middle of this new world. Thirdly, the distance was another important point. I had never had to use a motorcycle to get to my university. I cant ride a motorcycle so that it made my life difficult. My faculty, Humanities and Social sciences, is near my dormitory, so I could us a Shuttle Bus, a university service transport to get to my faculty. Finally, I understood that Im in a rural area, and Im not in an urban as used to be. But living in a big place like this university without owning transport made me spend my life very difficult. All in all, the first day of a new university was good. Enjoyed most of my teacher, classmate, and classes. So this was my first day at a university which was filled with fear, remembrance, and strangeness which later became a golden moment, the moment I could enjoy later on. The moment are written with unarguable ink to my memories was one of the most important moments in my life. It was the moment of truth. It was me and a new world. It was a new group of people with different points of view and different lifestyle. All these aspects show me that its a new world.

The Dummy Subject

The Dummy Subject The Dummy Subject The Dummy Subject By Erin Writers, especially beginning writers, are often cautioned against using passive voice in their writing because its use slows down the pace. Another construction that can make your writing plod is the dummy subject. When we use the words it and there to begin a sentence without a referent (a noun the pronoun is referring to), were using a dummy subject. In this pair of sentences: I went to see Fantastic Four 2 over the weekend. It was fun, but mostly forgettable. It refers to the movie Fantastic Four 2. The pronoun has a referent. In this sentence, however: It is apparent that oil reserves will be exhausted by 2050. It has no referent, and is therefore a dummy subject. The same thing happens frequently with there: There are several ways in which you could begin. There are five stages of grief. Dummy subjects are just one of many problems that weaken your writing by making it vague, fuzzy, and indefinite. The sentences above can be reconstructed with stronger, more definite subjects: Some experts warn that our oil reserves will be exhausted by 2050. You could begin in one of the following ways: (followed by a list). Elisabeth Kubler-Ross identified five stages of grief in her book On Death and Dying. In general, unless you dont know who is performing an action, or you want to emphasize the action of the sentence for some reason, you should avoid dummy subjects. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Writing Basics category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Inquire vs EnquireA While vs Awhile50 Synonyms for â€Å"Villain†

Cómo se apostilla un documento para darle validez en otro país

Cà ³mo se apostilla un documento para darle validez en otro paà ­s La apostilla de la Haya es un sello que acredita que un documento obtenido en un paà ­s es verdadero y, por lo tanto, debe ser reconocido y aceptado como vlido en otro. El sello de la apostilla - o apostille- puede variar en diseà ±o, tamaà ±o o color entre paà ­ses. Lo fundamental para su validez es que sea colocado por una autoridad competente segà ºn las leyes que regulan este tema en cada uno de los paà ­ses firmantes de la Convencià ³n de la Haya o que adoptaron ese tratado posteriormente. Este artà ­culo informa sobre los puntos clave que deben saberse sobre la Apostilla de la Haya, quà © tipo de documentos se pueden apostillar y cules son las autoridades competentes para apostillar en todos los paà ­ses de Latinoamà ©rica que forman parte de la Convencià ³n, asà ­ como en Estados Unidos y en Espaà ±a.  ¿Cules documentos se pueden apostillar? Son susceptible de apostillar documentos de registro civil, por ejemplo, certificados de nacimiento, matrimonio, divorcio, defuncià ³n o solterà ­a. Tambià ©n aplica a documentos notariales, certificaciones de nivel de estudio, diplomas acadà ©micos y titulaciones universitarias. Asimismo, pueden apostillarse las certificaciones de los registros mercantiles, patentes, autos y sentencias judiciales, y cualquier otro documento emitido por una autoridad o funcionario pà ºblico. Por otro lado, no pueden apostillarse los documentos administrativos referentes a una actividad aduanera o mercantil, ni tampoco los expedidos por agentes consulares.  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Argentina? La potestad de legalizar un documento mediante la apostilla de la Haya - conocida en Argentina como Apostille- corresponde al Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores y Culto. La documentacià ³n debe presentarse en Esmeralda 1214, C.A.B.A. C1007ABR. En el interior del paà ­s los colegios de escribanos estn habilitados para colocar la apostilla. Si la documentacià ³n a legalizar ha sido emitida o certificada por una autoridad local, previamente a presentar los papeles deber obtenerse una legalizacià ³n por el Ministerio del Interior, Obras Pà ºblicas y Vivienda, y deber solicitarse el turno por Internet. Por otra parte, los tà ­tulos universitarios y las certificaciones de estudios secundarios y de estudios superiores no universitarios debern contar con la cadena de legalizaciones previa exigida por el Ministerio de Educacià ³n o, en su caso, el Ministerio de Sanidad, dependiendo del tipo de estudios.  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Bolivia? Desde 2018, se puede solicitar apostillar un documento en las oficinas del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores en La Paz, Cochabamba o Santa Cruz.  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Chile? La autoridad competente para apostillar en Chile depende de la naturaleza del documento pà ºblico. Asà ­, para asuntos de justicia le corresponde a los secretarios regionales ministeriales, y en el caso de la regià ³n metropolitana, al Subsecretario de Justicia. Los documentos de educacià ³n deben presentarse ante las secretarà ­as regionales ministeriales. Los sanitarios, ante los secretarios regionales ministeriales, el Intendente de Prestadores de Salud o directores de servicios de salud. Los documentos de identificacià ³n o registro civil deben apostillarse con los directores regionales o el nacional. Los documentos emitidos por el Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores deben ser apostillados por el Director General de Asuntos Exteriores e Inmigracià ³n. Si la persona que debe apostillar un documento se encuentra fuera de Chile, puede solicitar este servicio por Internet y retirar el documento apostillado en un consulado en el exterior.  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Colombia? La tramitacià ³n de la apostilla se hace en là ­nea.  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Costa Rica? La autoridad para apostillar corresponde al Departamento de Autenticaciones del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores y Culto. La solicitud de cita se realiza en là ­nea. Pueden presentarse un mximo de 12 documentos por cita.  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Ecuador? En Ecuador, varias oficinas repartidas por las nueve zonas del paà ­s estn autorizadas para apostillar documentos pà ºblicos, previo pago de una tarifa de $20 que se reduce para mayores de 65 aà ±os y personas con discapacidad. Puede apostillar el titular del documento pà ºblico o una tercera persona.  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en El Salvador? Corresponde apostillar al Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, el cual lo hace de forma gratuita. Previamente a presentar los documentos para apostillar es necesario obtener la certificacià ³n de autenticacià ³n de la firma del documento. El lugar donde se obtiene depende de la naturaleza de dicho documento. Por ejemplo, si se trata de partidas del estado civil, pueden hacerlo el alcalde municipal, el jefe del registro del estado familiar o el Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores; si se trata de tà ­tulos universitarios, se encarga el Ministerio de Educacià ³n o el de Relaciones Exteriores.  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Estados Unidos? En Estados Unidos, la competencia para legalizar un documento mediante la apostilla de la Haya corresponde a diversas autoridades dependiendo del tipo de documento. Asà ­, si se trata de un documento emitido por una agencia del gobierno federal, puede apostillar la Oficina de Autenticacià ³n del Departamento de Estado. Se puede contactar marcando al 1-202-647-5002 o por correo. El costo es de $8 por documento. Si se trata de apostillar un Reporte Consular de Nacimiento, el certificado de matrimonio o fallecimiento de un ciudadano estadounidense ocurrido fuera de Estados Unidos, o el certificado de nacimiento o fallecimiento emitido entre 1904 y 1979 por el Gobierno de la Zona del Canal de Panam, la competencia recae en el Bureau de Asuntos Consulares del Departamento de Estado. La solicitud de la apostilla debe estar notarizada y acompaà ±ada por una copia legible de una identificacià ³n emitida en los Estados Unidos como, por ejemplo, la licencia de manejar. Si se trata de documentos emitidos por un juez o una corte federal, como una sentencia o un auto, por ejemplo, pueden apostillarlos los secretarios o los asistentes de secretario de dichas cortes. Asimismo, en estos casos hay otra alternativa, la cual consiste en solicitar al Departamento de Justicia de Estados Unidos que autentifique el sello de una corte federal y, a continuacià ³n, solicitar la apostilla a la Oficina de Autenticacià ³n del Departamento de Estado. Sin embargo, en Estados Unidos, la mayorà ­a de las veces la autoridad competente para apostillar es el Secretario de Estado de cada uno de los estados, ya que ellos apostillan documentos emitidos por cortes locales y tambià ©n documentos de registro civil, como por ejemplo certificado de nacimiento, matrimonio, divorcio o fallecimiento, o incluso de un tà ­tulo acadà ©mico. En estos casos, antes de apostillar es necesario obtener el documento original o una copia oficial del mismo. En el caso de certificados de nacimiento o de estado civil, lo ms frecuente es que se deba contactar con la oficina del secretario del condado (county clerk, en inglà ©s) o de la municipalidad. Tambià ©n es posible obtenerlo a travà ©s de pginas en Internet dedicadas a esta labor como, por ejemplo, vitalcheck. En ningà ºn caso, las embajadas o consulados de Estados Unidos pueden colocar el sello de la apostilla en un documento emitido por una autoridad de Estados Unidos.  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Espaà ±a? Para apostillar documentos pà ºblicos administrativos o judiciales, incluidos los de registro civil, las autoridades competentes son las gerencias territoriales del Ministerio de Justicia, la Oficina Central de Atencià ³n al Ciudadano, el mismo ministerio y las secretarà ­as de gobierno de los Tribunales Superiores de Justicia autonà ³micos. Sin embargo, si los documentos judiciales han sido expedidos por el Tribunal Supremo o por la Audiencia Nacional, la autoridad competente son sus respectivos secretarios judiciales. Finalmente, si se trata de un documento privado o un documento notarial, tienen la competencia para apostillar los colegios notariales. En numerosos casos es posible que previamente a apostillar se requiera un reconocimiento de firma por parte de la autoridad competente, como es el caso de tà ­tulos universitarios, documentos expedidos por el Instituto de Seguridad Social, el Instituto Nacional de Empleo, la Agencia Tributaria, etc.  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Guatemala? Corresponde la labor de apostillar al Departamento de Autà ©nticas de la Direccià ³n General de Asuntos Jurà ­dicos del Departamento de Relaciones Exteriores, ubicado en el Centro de Atencià ³n al Migrante (2a. Av. 4-17 zona 10), en Ciudad de Guatemala.  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Honduras? Corresponde esta labor a la Seccià ³n de Autà ©ntica y Apostilla de la Secretarà ­a de Estado en el Despacho de Relaciones Exteriores, Municipio del Distrito Central. Para la solicitud se requiere presentar recibo bancario de pago de tarifa. La apostilla se demora un dà ­a.  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Mà ©xico? Los documentos pà ºblicos estatales deben apostillarse con el gobierno del estado correspondiente. Son ejemplo de este tipo de documentos los emitidos por los oficiales del Registro Civil, los Jueces del Fuero Comà ºn, los presidentes municipales, los notarios pà ºblicos, la Procuradurà ­a y el Tribunal Superior de Justicia Estatal, etc. En el caso de documentos pà ºblicos federales, corresponde apostillar a la Secretarà ­a de Gobernacià ³n, Calle Rà ­o Amazonas # 62, Planta Baja,  Del. Cuauhtà ©moc, Col. Cuauhtà ©moc, C. P. 06500, Ciudad de Mà ©xico, Tel. (0155) 50-93-32-18 y 50-93-32-22. Las personas que viven en el interior de la repà ºblica pueden evitar tener que desplazarse al D.F. enviando la documentacià ³n por paqueterà ­a con guà ­a prepagada. Previamente, debern certificarse la firma del documento, pagar en ventanilla bancaria la hoja de ayuda para el pago de derechos, presentar identificacià ³n oficial vigente con pasaporte, INE, cà ©dula profesional o cartilla militar y, en el caso de los mexicanos, el CURP (Clave à ºnica de registro de poblacià ³n).  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Nicaragua? La autoridad competente es la Direccià ³n General Consular de la Cancillerà ­a. El titular puede presentarse en persona en sus oficinas o enviar la documentacià ³n por courier, previa descarga del formulario en el que se realiza la peticià ³n de apostilla.  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Panam? La labor de apostillar corresponde al Departamento de Autenticacià ³n y Legalizacià ³n del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, ubicado en Ave. Ricardo J. Alfaro, Centro Comercial Sun Towers Mall. Se puede contactar marcando al 511-4045 / 511-4046.  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Perà º? En Perà º corresponde al Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores la labor de apostillar documentos pà ºblicos, y realiza esta labor en las Ventanillas de Trnsito y Atenciones Personalizadas. Cualquier consulta sobre la apostilla puede enviarse por correo electrà ³nico a: legalizacionesyapostillatrcrree.gob.pe  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Repà ºblica Dominicana? La persona interesada en apostillar un documento pà ºblico debe presentarse en el rea de Recepcià ³n y Entrega de Documentos de la Direccià ³n de Legalizacià ³n de Documentos dependiente del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores. Previamente deber haber pagado la tasa correspondiente en el Banco de Reservas y obtenido la certificacià ³n de firmas ante la autoridad competente que depender del tipo de documento. Asà ­, si se trata de actos de tipo civil, deber obtenerse certificacià ³n previa por parte de la junta de distrito. En el caso de documentos jurà ­dicos o judiciales, est a cargo el Departamento de Legalizacià ³n de Firmas de la Procuradurà ­a General de la Repà ºblica; los documentos de estudios de primaria y secundaria son apostillados por el Ministerio de Estado de Educacià ³n; de los de estudios universitarios se encarga el Ministerio de Educacià ³n Superior; los documentos mercantiles y de empresas son apostillados por la Cmara de Comercio; los relacionados con la salud se apostillan por el Ministerio de Salud Pà ºblica; los militares, por el Ministerio de Defensa y Policà ­a Nacional; y, finalmente, los documentos concernientes a la religià ³n catà ³lica, son apostillados por el departamento de legalizaciones del arzobispado.  ¿Cà ³mo apostillar en Venezuela? Para apostillar es necesario registrarse en la pgina del Ministerio del Poder Popular para las Relaciones Exteriores y solicitar cita electrà ³nica. El dà ­a de la cita puede acudir el titular del documento, un familiar o su representante o apoderado. De interà ©s para quienes desean estudiar o trabajar en EE.UU. Entre los documentos que ms se apostillan estn los relacionados con la educacià ³n. Es un paso comà ºn para los extranjeros que desean estudiar o desempeà ±ar trabajados que requieren ciertos estudios en Estados Unidos. La apostilla es diferente a la validacià ³n y homologacià ³n de los expedientes y tà ­tulos acadà ©micos. En Estados Unidos, la llevan a cabo empresas privadas expresamente reconocidas por la institucià ³n en la que se desea estudiar o trabajar, es decir, no sirve cualquiera y es necesario prestar atencià ³n a ese detalle. Puntos clave La apostilla permite que un documento expedido en un paà ­s sea aceptado en otro.Se apostilla en el paà ­s que ha emitido el documento.Cuba es el à ºnico paà ­s hispanoparlante en donde no aplica la Convencià ³n de la Haya.Embajadas y consulados no pueden apostillar.Dependiendo de los casos, es posible que sea imprescindible obtener un reconocimiento de firma antes de apostillar e, incluso, una traduccià ³n jurada que tambià ©n podrà ­a ser necesario apostillar. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal de ningà ºn tipo.